CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) performed by a member of the public — a bystander — before emergency services arrive. Bystander CPR can double or triple the chance of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by maintaining blood flow to the brain and vital organs until defibrillation can be delivered. Current UK guidelines (Resuscitation Council UK) recommend hands-only CPR for bystanders — 30 hard, fast chest compressions in the centre of the chest, repeated continuously. Anyone can learn CPR and it requires no equipment.
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